KHALEL ARGYNBAYEV'S RESEARCH ON THE IMPACT OF THE STOLYPIN AGRARIAN REFORM ON THE ECONOMIC STRUCTURE AND MATERIAL CULTURE OF THE KAZAKH PEOPLE

Abstract

Abstract. Khalel Argynbayev (1924-1998) was a native of Bayanaul district of Pavlodar region, an ethnographer, historian, who made a huge contribution to the development of ethnographic science in Kazakhstan. In his work "Historical and cultural ties between the Russian and Kazakh peoples and their influence on the material culture of the Kazakhs in the middle of the XIX and early XX centuries", he revealed the consequences of innovations that occurred in Kazakh society during this historical period. Halel Arginbaev’s research concerning material culture of Kazakh people are actual at present time.

Speaking about the implementation of the Stolypin agrarian reform in Kazakhstan, it should also be said that the authorities often did not take into account the interests and rights of the indigenous population. After all, the settlers received the lands taken from the locals. Moreover, the most fertile plots were seized, and from time immemorial the Kazakhs who lived on them were relocated to lands unsuitable for agriculture or cattle breeding.

The article describes the changes in the economic structure of the Kazakh people after the Stolypin reform and the resettlement policy of Tsarist Russia, as well as migration processes that have changed the quantitative and national composition of the people. In addition, as a result of the colonization of Kazakh lands by Imperial Russia, Kazakhs learned to mow grass, prepare fodder for livestock in winter, and trade and economic ties between local Kazakhs and Cossack troops who settled in the Kazakh steppes arose from the necessity of that period. The author, along with the rapid development of urban culture and nomadism, also pays attention to the history of the opening of local libraries and museums.