MUSEUM AND TOURISM TOKENS AS AN INSTRUMENT FOR POPULARIZING THE CULTURAL HERITAGE OF KAZAKHSTAN

Abstract

Abstract. Since the independence of the Republic of Kazakhstan, the issuance of commemorative coins by the National Bank of Kazakhstan has become an important instrument for preserving historical memory, promoting national culture, and developing the country’s domestic numismatic school. Kazakhstan’s collectible coins have gained international recognition due to their high artistic quality, the use of modern minting technologies, and the representation of the state’s historical and cultural heritage. At the same time, limited mintages and their primary orientation toward the numismatic community restrict the potential of such products within the sphere of mass cultural and tourism interaction.

The article examines museum and tourism tokens as an instrument for promoting the cultural heritage of Kazakhstan and as an element of museum practice. It analyzes international experience in the use of tourist tokens in museums, historical centers, and tourist routes across Europe. Particular attention is paid to tokens as commemorative metal objects possessing collectible value and contributing to the preservation of cultural memory. The article considers the development of Kazakhstan’s national numismatic school, as well as the prospects for applying minting technologies within the museum industry. The publication aims to draw the attention of the museum community to the possibilities of using souvenir and collectible products for promoting historical and cultural heritage and developing collecting culture.